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401kROBSCheck eligibility
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Model how long unrestricted business cash lasts month by month.

This worksheet creates an end-of-month cash ledger for a ROBS-funded company. It separates operating cash from retirement-plan assets, labels owner cash separately, and keeps one-time events visible instead of hiding them in a burn-rate shortcut.

Direct answer

Use the calculator to test whether entered unrestricted cash, recurring revenue, recurring expenses, one-time inflows/outflows, owner cash, and a reserve floor hold up over a selected horizon. SBA planning materials support monthly cash-flow projections and finance tracking[1][2]. IRS ROBS materials support keeping plan assets, employer stock, records, annual filings, valuation, and business-failure concerns distinct from operating cash[3][4]. The result is arithmetic only, not a forecast guarantee or advice.

Enter unrestricted business-cash assumptions

Use spendable operating cash only. Exclude retirement-plan trust assets, plan-owned employer stock, restricted deposits, tax refunds not received, sale proceeds, and financing not already entered.

Starting cash and recurring monthly activity

Unrestricted operating bank cash at the start of month 1. This can be negative if the business is already overdrawn.

Minimum cash floor you want to monitor. It is a warning threshold, not a solvency test.

Current recurring monthly revenue expected in month 1 before one-time inflows.

Current recurring monthly expenses expected in month 1: payroll, taxes, debt service, rent, insurance, administration, valuation/provider obligations, vendors, and other operating costs.

Month 1 uses current revenue. Month m uses current revenue × (1 + rate)^(m − 1). Declines must stay above -100%.

Month 1 uses current expenses. Month m uses current expenses × (1 + rate)^(m − 1).

Modeled ledger length, 1 through 60 months.

One-time inflows

Use 1 through the horizon month; use 0 only with a $0 amount.

Entered once in the selected month only.

Use 1 through the horizon month; use 0 only with a $0 amount.

Entered once in the selected month only.

One-time outflows

Use 1 through the horizon month; use 0 only with a $0 amount.

Entered once in the selected month only.

Use 1 through the horizon month; use 0 only with a $0 amount.

Entered once in the selected month only.

Owner cash added to the company

Use 1 through the horizon month; use 0 only with a $0 amount.

Entered once in the selected month only.

Cash runway

Month 11

Reserve breach

Month 11

Lowest closing cash

-$10,000

Month-by-month cash ledger

Month 1

Opening cash
$50,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$45,000

Month 2

Opening cash
$45,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$40,000

Month 3

Opening cash
$40,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$35,000

Month 4

Opening cash
$35,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$30,000

Month 5

Opening cash
$30,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$25,000

Month 6

Opening cash
$25,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$20,000

Month 7

Opening cash
$20,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$15,000

Month 8

Opening cash
$15,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$10,000

Month 9

Opening cash
$10,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$5,000

Month 10

Opening cash
$5,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
$0

Month 11

Opening cash
$0
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
-$5,000

Month 12

Opening cash
-$5,000
Recurring revenue
$0
Recurring expenses
$5,000
One-time inflows
$0
Owner cash
$0
One-time outflows
$0
Net cash flow
-$5,000
Closing cash
-$10,000

Cumulative inflows

$0

Recurring revenue plus entered one-time inflows and owner contributions.

Cumulative outflows

$60,000

Recurring expenses plus entered one-time outflows.

Ledger timing

End of month

Each row starts with opening cash and ends after that month's inflows and outflows.

Equations

  • Recurring revenue in month m = current monthly revenue × (1 + revenue growth rate)^(m − 1).
  • Recurring expenses in month m = current monthly expenses × (1 + expense growth rate)^(m − 1).
  • Closing cash = opening cash + recurring revenue + one-time inflows + owner contributions − recurring expenses − one-time outflows.
  • Cash runway is the first month closing cash falls below $0; reserve breach is the first month closing cash falls below the entered reserve floor.

Educational worksheet only

This is not a forecast guarantee, viability score, valuation, funding recommendation, solvency opinion, tax advice, accounting advice, or failure probability. Negative cash rows continue so the ledger remains auditable.

Privacy and repeat use

The worksheet uses one native FormData submit and reset button. It does not use query-string persistence, local storage, session storage, account creation, a lead form, provider matching, or a saved scenario.

What to gather first

  • Operating bank balance available for ordinary business use.
  • Recurring monthly revenue and expenses from records or written assumptions.
  • Known rent, payroll, payroll tax, insurance, debt-service, provider, valuation, tax, bookkeeping, licensing, and administrative obligations.
  • Specific one-time events with month, amount, and label.

What the ledger does not do

  • No profitability conclusion; a business can show positive accounting income and still run short of cash.
  • No debt-service underwriting or lender approval.
  • No ROBS eligibility, rollover, tax, fiduciary, valuation, or plan-administration conclusion.
  • No assumed future financing, tax refund, sale proceeds, owner contribution, or business rescue.

Next-action checklist

  1. Run a base case from current records.
  2. Run separate downside cases for slower collections, higher payroll, delayed opening, and required debt payments.
  3. Compare first negative month, reserve breach month, lowest cash, and cumulative cash movement.
  4. Bring the ledger to the CPA, bookkeeper, lender, plan administrator, ROBS provider, or ERISA attorney whose scope matches the issue.

FAQ

Is this a solvency or viability opinion?

No. The calculator only creates a deterministic cash ledger from entered assumptions. It does not evaluate legal solvency, going-concern status, business viability, lender approval, valuation, or probability of failure.

Can I include ROBS retirement-plan assets as starting cash?

No. Starting cash means unrestricted operating cash held by the business. Do not include retirement-plan trust assets, plan-owned employer stock, restricted deposits, expected tax refunds, future financing, or sale proceeds unless the business has actually received unrestricted cash and you enter it in the appropriate field.

How are growth rates applied?

Month 1 uses the current monthly amount. Later month m uses base × (1 + rate)^(m − 1). Rates may be positive or negative, but declines below -100% are invalid because they would invert the amount.

What happens after cash goes negative?

The ledger continues. A negative closing cash row is not a bankruptcy conclusion; it is a warning that the entered assumptions no longer fund the operating ledger without additional action.

How should scenarios be compared?

Run separate cases by changing one assumption set at a time: base case, lower collections, higher payroll, delayed opening, higher debt service, or added owner cash. Compare first negative month, reserve breach month, lowest cash, and cumulative inflows/outflows without ranking the scenarios as approved or recommended.

Sources and verification

[1] SBA Plan your business

SBA says business plans guide starting, managing, running, and growing a business; funding requests should explain how much funding is needed, what funds will be used for, and include financial projections such as cash flow statements, with monthly projections for the first year. Checked Aug. 13, 2026; page modified July 30, 2026.

https://www.sba.gov/counseling/plan-your-business/

[2] SBA Manage your business finances

SBA states accounting for revenue and expenses helps keep a business running smoothly; balance sheets help track capital and provide cash-flow projection; available cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable, payroll, and tax obligations are finance-management topics. Checked Aug. 13, 2026; page modified July 30, 2026.

https://www.sba.gov/counseling/manage-your-business/

[3] IRS ROBS compliance project

IRS describes ROBS as retirement assets rolled into a plan that buys new C corporation stock; notes determination letters do not approve operations; identifies Form 5500, Form 1120, valuation, prohibited-transaction, recordkeeping, business failure, bankruptcy, lien, and dissolution concerns. Checked Aug. 13, 2026; page last reviewed Nov. 16, 2025.

https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/rollovers-as-business-start-ups-compliance-project

Authorship, disclosure, and trust boundaries

Published by 401kROBS for education. This page is not individualized legal, tax, investment, fiduciary, accounting, lending, solvency, valuation, or financial advice. There is no lead form on this page, no account creation, no saved scenario, and no browser storage. Affiliate relationships, if present elsewhere on the site, do not change the fixed formulas or neutral labels in this worksheet.

Compare funding sources separately